After watching a video of a field sobriety test I knew I had to build a neural network that could pass it!
Field Sobriety Test
We’re going to build a neural network today that can pass at least part of this test. 😛
As for why I would ever build a bot to help morons endanger lives?
Well, I’m not!
Look, If you want an argument in favor of “stupid autonomous vehicles” imagine no more drunk drivers on the road!
Empowering DD’s with self driving vehicles just happens to be tangentially good for society!
In any case, that’s not even close to what today’s post is about! 😛
DUI Bot
The main part of the clip we’re focused on is when the officer says:
“I need you to recite the alphabet from Z to A backwards, as fast as you can.”
The drunk driver complies with the request and successfully recites the alphabet as instructed.
The officer then comments:
“Remarkable, I’ve actually never seen anybody do that!”
Which got me thinking… You know… I’ve actually never seen a neural network do that!
Have you? 😛
Seems like it might be fun to build a bot that can recite the alphabet forwards and backwards starting and ending with any letters we choose.
How Do We Build DUI Bot?
Well, first make sure you have your FANN development environment setup by following these instructions.
Once you have a machine (virtual or otherwise) setup with PHP and FANN you are ready to proceed.
Also, if this is your first time building a Neural Network you might want to checkout these posts too: Getting Started II & Getting Started III
Design Considerations
- It should be able to go forward or backward through the alphabet depending on request.
- It should be able to arbitrarily start and stop at any requested letter combination, i.e A-Z or F-B, etc…
- DUI Bot’s output should be able to be used as it’s input.
With these considerations in mind I decided that the best way to proceed is to use a “Two-Hot” encoding representation.
Direction Neuron:
The first input neuron controls direction of alphabet recitation.
1= Forward (like. A – Z )
-1 = Backward (like Z – A)
Alphabet Neurons:
All the remaining input neurons are a group and represent A – Z and only one letter input neuron may be set to “high” (1) at a time and the rest of neurons should be set “low” (-1).

How Does DUI Work?
Basically, You pick a starting letter like J, or O, or even Y if it suites your fancy and then set the direction to backward (-1)Â or forward (1) and use the function I provide called BuildInputArray($char, $alphabet, $direction) to prepare an input array of ints of -1 or 1 that DUI understands as the starting “state”.
DUI bot then thinks about its answer and replies with a series of floats that represent all the possible letters.
The highest output neuron closest to 1 is DUI’s answer.
That value is then converted to it’s character equivalent which is then processed by the BuildInputArray() function to create a new input array based on the bot’s answer and then fed back into DUI for it’s next response and we keep doing this until it returns the expected last letter.
You will notice in the test code there is no place where there is a ++ or +1 or += or even any sort of array Next() OOP call and this is because the bot is managing it’s position on it’s own as it recites the alphabet.
The Code
You can find everything you need to duplicate this project over on DUI Bot on GitHub but here are the important files.
DUI.data
This is the training data that the bot learns from.
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train_dui.php
This code creates the bot and trains it using DUI.data.
<?php $num_input = 27; $num_output = 26; $num_layers = 3; $num_neurons_hidden = 16; $desired_error = 0.00001; $max_epochs = 500000; $epochs_between_reports = 10; $ann = fann_create_standard($num_layers, $num_input, $num_neurons_hidden, $num_output); if ($ann) { // Configure the ANN fann_set_training_algorithm ($ann , FANN_TRAIN_RPROP); fann_set_activation_function_hidden($ann, FANN_SIGMOID_SYMMETRIC); fann_set_activation_function_output($ann, FANN_SIGMOID_SYMMETRIC); // Train ANN $filename = dirname(__FILE__) . "/DUI.data"; if (fann_train_on_file($ann, $filename, $max_epochs, $epochs_between_reports, $desired_error)) { print('DUI trained.' . PHP_EOL); } // Save ANN if (fann_save($ann, dirname(__FILE__) . "/dui.net")){ echo 'dui.net saved. run: php test_dui.php' . PHP_EOL; } // Destroy ANN fann_destroy($ann); }
test_dui.php
Once our bot is trained, this code can be used to perform our own sobriety test on DUI Bot.
<?php // Takes a character like 'a' // And an alphabet array('A', 'B', 'C',...,'Z') // And a direction -1 = backward & 1 = forward // returns an array like this: // (Forward from A): array(1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1); // (Backward from Z) array(-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1); function BuildInputArray($char, $alphabet, $direction){     $char = array_search(strtoupper($char), $alphabet); // find char in array     $input = '';         // Prepend -1's     if($char > 0){         $input = str_repeat('-1 ', $char); // -1's     }         $input .= '1 '; // Add 1 at char position         // Append -1's     if($char < 25){         $input .= str_repeat('-1 ', (26 - $char) - 1);     }     // Convert string to array     $input = array_filter(explode(' ', $input));         // Add direction to the beginning of the array     array_unshift($input, $direction);     return $input; } // DON'T TOUCH!!! ///////////////// /**/ $alphabet = range(chr(65), chr(90)); // A - Z //////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////// //// Okay to touch but don't get it greasy! /**/ /**/ $direction = '-1'; // -1 = backward & 1 = forward /**/ $char = strtoupper('z'); /**/ $stop_char = strtoupper('a'); /////////////////////////////////// // Load ANN $train_file = (dirname(__FILE__) . "/dui.net"); if (!is_file($train_file))     die("The file dui.net has not been created! Please run train_dui.php to generate it" . PHP_EOL); $ann = fann_create_from_file($train_file); if ($ann) {     echo $char . PHP_EOL;         // While the bot hasn't output the expected last char     while($char != $stop_char){         $calc_out = fann_run($ann, BuildInputArray($char, $alphabet, $direction)); // Run ANN         $max = max($calc_out); // Figure out which value was the largest         $NextChar = array_search($max, $calc_out); // determine which output neuron returned $max         $char = $alphabet[$NextChar]; // determine which char that neuron is correlated with         echo $char . PHP_EOL; // echo the value     }     // Destroy ANN     fann_destroy($ann); } else {     die("Invalid file format" . PHP_EOL); }
Results
As you can see, DUI Bot can pass the “non-song-and-dance” portion of a sobriety test! 😛
If you enjoyed today’s project as much as DUI Bot enjoyed drinking Web Colors to get ready for it’s sobriety test, then support me over on Patreon for as little as $1 a month.
But, if all you can do is like, share, comment and subscribe… well, that’s cool too! 😉
Much Love,
~Joy
May 22, 2019 at 2:03 pm
Hahaha!
LikeLiked by 1 person